Gestational diabetes. A systematic review

Abstract

Introduction: gestational diabetes, a common disease in pregnancy, whose prevalence increases in one in six live births worldwide.

Materials and methods: a systematic review was developed with the PRISMA 2020 declaration.

Results: metformin was superior to insulin in hypoglycemic events. The efficacy, safety of metformin alone or as complementary insulin therapy in pregnancy with gestational diabetes mellitus with diabetes mellitus type 2 reduced maternal weight gain, maternal hypoglycemia, neonatal hypoglycemia, admission to the neonatal intensive care unit and reduction of birth weight 4000 g.

Conclusions: gestational diabetes is related to perinatal morbidity, an increased risk of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases in the future mother and predisposition to childhood obesity in offspring. Metformin reduces the risk of certain maternal and neonatal outcomes compared to insulin therapy.

Keywords

Diabetes , Gestational , Diabetes complications , Type 1 diabetes, Type 2 diabetes mellitus

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